Underwater transmitter and receiver



1934- P. "r. RUSSELL UNDERWATER TRANSMITTER-AND RECEIVER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 9, 1929 Philip I Russell INVENTOR HM0-QL- ATTORNEY 3 P. T. RUSSELL 8 UNDERWATER TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER Filed Oct. 9, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 PH/L, IF 7: H0555: L" 'INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 18, 1934 UNDERWATER. TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER Philip '1. Russell, Mount Rainier, Md.

Application October 9, 1929, Serial'No. 398.491

3 Claims. (Cl. 177 -388) (Granted under the act of March 3,1883, as amended April 30, 1928; 370 0. G. 757) My invention relates broadly to an underwater sound transmitter and receiver and more particularly to a device for establishing communication between a craft or submarine submerged 5 under water and a surface craft or equipment located on -top of or near the water's edge.

An object of my invention is to provide an underwater speaker and receiver that will withstand excess hydrostatic pressures such as are present at great depths.

A further object of my invention is to provide an underwater speaker or receiver that when it is reasonably placed under water it will seek out and find a submerged vessel so that communication may be had through the hull of said vessel with the parties in the chambers of the submerged vessel.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts as will be described more fully hereinafter.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which like reference characters indicate corre-.

sponding parts throughout the several views, and in which:

Figure 1 is a central sectional viewtaken on line 2-2 of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a plan view of my improved device.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of my improved device with a part of the casing removed.

Referring more particularly to the drawings; indicates acasing made up of sections 11 and 12 that have flanges 13 and 14 respectively secured together by means of bolts 15 and nuts 16. The casing 10 is made watertight by placing a rubber gasket 18 in a groove 19 in section 12 and having a tongue 20 on the fiange 13 of section 11 bear firmly against the said gasket 18.

An aperture 21 having a boss 22- around the edge thereof is provided in section 11, and a corresponding aperture 23 with boss 24 is provided in section 12. Secured to the bosses'22 and 24 by bolts 25, are parallel and oppositely disposed diaphragms 26. Tongues 2'7 extending from the diaphragms 26 and grooves 28 having gaskets 29 therein in bosses 22 and 24, form a watertight connection between the diaphragms 26 and the casing 10.

An annular shell 60 is formed byunit 30 and unit 31 held together by studs 33 and nuts 34 that also secure the shell 60 to inwardly extending flanges 32 in the apertures 21 and 23. Integral with unit 30 is a field polepiece 35 and integral with unit 31 is the opposite field poleture which has a thin, non-metallic tube 40 havs in the tube 40 to the shell 60. The spokes piece 361 Wound and firmly held between the field pieces 35 and 36 and the outer wall of the shell '60 is a direct current coil 38. When the coil 38 is energized the field 35 is polarized south and the field piece 36 is polarized north. The 5 magnetic circuit is completed from field pieces or poles 35 and 36 by passing across radially the air gap between pieces 35 and 36 and iron core 44.

The diaphragms 26 are actuated by an armaing two alternating current coils 41' and 42 wound thereon. The coils 41 and 42 which are wound in opposite directions from each other are connected at the middle by wire 43, and each coil has anequal number of turns. The tube 40 is concentrically located with reference to the diaphragms 26 and the shell 60, by bosses '39 on the diaphragms 26. An iron core 44 is held in the center of the tube 40 by spokes 45 of nonmagnetic material passing through openings 46 are secured to both the shell 60 and the core 44 by theiscrews 47.

The sections 11 and 12 of the casing 10 are provided with electro magnetic coils 48 held firmly 1- against the inner periphery of the sections by spacers 58. A space 49 is provided between the coils 48 to allow wires to pass through.

When direct current is passed through coil 48, a magnetic field is set up therein which tends to magnetize all of the iron within the coil, namely; the iron shell 60, the core piece 44 and field'pieces 35 and 36. The lines of force set up by coil 48 extend through the iron within the coil 48 in a direction generally parallel to the 3 axis of the coil. Outside of the coil these lines at either end bend away vfor the most part from the axis of the coil and by paths of various lengths they return around the outside of the coil to the opposite end.

The magnetic field set up by the current fiowing in the coil 38 is confined largely to the limits of the transmitter-receiver proper. These lines oiiv force extendthrough the shell 60in one direction, either aiding or opposing those set up by 45 the coil 48 in this same member, then they extend into one of the pole pieces 35 or 36 across the gap to the core member 44 and back in the opposite'direction through core 44 to again cross a gap to the other pole piece and thence back 50 to the shell 60.

The speaker is properly connected to a vacuum tube transmitter and receiver, not shown, by wires connected to terminals for the coils 48, wires connected to terminals 53 for the alternating current coils 41 and 42 and wires connected to terminals 55 for a direct current coil 38. All the wires pass through a terminal stufling box 56,, suitably placed, and a part of casing 10 and the wires for terminals 53 and 55 pass through passage 49 formed between the coils 48 to their respective terminals. All the terminals are suitably insulated as at 50.

The casing 10 is provided with an eye 57 adapted to receive means such as a hook or wire cable for raising and lowering the speaker.

In the practicaluse of my improved device the speaker is lowered by means of the eye 5'1 and then the electromagnetic coil 48 is set in action to find the object or vessel under water. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that when the metal hull of the vessel is located the lines of magnetic force acting in a horizontal direction relative to Fig. 1 will cause the casing to be attracted to and become aflixed to the hull with either diaphragm 26 substantially parallel to the hull, having the heads of bolts 25 bearing directly against the hull so as to space the diaphragm 26 and the hull apart to admit a film of water there between thereby allowing normal vibration of the diaphragm as well as the juxtaposed position of the hull. The magnetic coil then holds the casing 10 firmly in position. I have found that such positioning and securement results in reception substantially clear and free from disturbing vibrations. When the object is located and the speaker made secure-by means of the magnetic coil 48, alternating current is passed through the double coils 41 and 42. Due to reverse windings of the alternating current coils 41 and 42, the current in one-half of the armature39 will be reversed to that in the other half. These currents cut the magnetic lines of force from the pole pieces 35 and 36 of the direct current field coil 38, thus causing a reciprocating motion of the armature tube 40, which in turn vibrates the diaphragms 26 at the same frequency as that of the alternating current. Thus, when the transmitter-receiver, not shown, for the speaker is set for the "talk" position and speech in-put is properly amplified in the usual way and sent to the alternating current coils 41 and 42, the armature 39 will reciprocate at the same frequency as that of the voice. This in turn causes underwater sound waves to be emitted from the diaphragms and strike against the hull of the underwater craft, which will act as an acoustical receiver.

When the listen position is set, sound waves picked up by the diaphragms reciprocate the armature 39 of the speaker, thereby generating current therein, which feeds into the in-put transformer, not shown, of the vacuum tube receiver and transmitter for the speaker, and then the same is amplified in the usual way.

It will be noted that tube 40 holds the two diaphragms 26 against inward depression and that pressure exerted on one diaphragm will be taken up by tube 40 bearing against the other diaphragm. The slight give in both diaphragms reinforced by the armature tube will withstand great hydrostatic pressures, and at the same time, tube 40 not only vbrates the diaphragms but also keeps the same parallel.

It will be understood that the above description and accompanying drawings comprehend only the general and preferred embodiment of my invention, and that various changes in construction, proportion and arrangement of parts may be made within the scope of the appended claims, and without sacrificing any of the advantages of my invention.

The herein described invention may be manufactured and used by or for the Government oi. the United States for governmental purposes without the payment to me of any royalties thereon.

What I claim is:

1. In combination, a" submarine signaling apparatus comprising a casing, two vibratory diaphragms, bolts securing said diaphragms in parallel relation with each other and to opposite sides of said casing, said bolts having their heads projecting from the surface of the casing and their outer surfaces in the same plane; electrodynamic means within the casing for simultaneously operating said diaphragms and means for attracting the casing to the hull of a submarine and for holding said casing firmly against the hull with one of said diaphragms parallel to the hull and heads of the boltssecuring the diaphragm that is juxtaposed to the hull bearing directly against the hull.

2. In combination, a submarine signaling apparatus comprising a casing, parallel and oppositely disposed vibratory diaphragms, means securing the diaphragms to said casing, said securing means having a plurality of portions thereof projecting at equal distance from the surface of the casing and diaphragm, electrodynamic means within said casing in operative relation to said diaphragms for converting electrical impulses into sound impulses and vice versa, and attracting means within said casing adapted to attract the casing to the hull of a submarine whereby the projecting portions on one side of said casing are' held against the hull for positioning one of said diaphragms parallel to and juxtaposed to the min.

3. In combination, a submarine signaling apparatus comprising a casing, two vibratory diaphragms, means for securing said diaphragms to opposite sides of said casing, electro-dynamic means within the casing for simultaneously operating said diaphragms, means for attracting the casing to a hull, said apparatus including spacing means for spacing the diaphragms from the hull in parallel relation thereto when the casing is attracted to the hull.

PHILIP T. RUSSELL. 

